1 thought on “What are the characteristics of the Shang Dynasty gold ware?”
Lena
The prosperity and development of bronze crafts during the Shang Dynasty laid a strong material and technical foundation for the development of gold wares. At the same time, the development of bronze, jade carving, lacquerware and other processes also promoted the development of gold instrument technology and enabled the gold wares to be able to be there in the gold wares. In a wider field, it plays its aesthetic function in a variety of forms. The golden device of the business is mostly decorative, and the most common gold foil is mostly used for decorations on other utensils, or in other words, to enhance the beauty of the utensils in the form of combining with other utensils. The main site of the Shang Dynasty is Yin Ruins. The gold foil found here is very thin. From the perspective of thickness, the hammer craftsmanship at that time was quite superb, which also shows that the businessman of the businessmen has a deep understanding of the ductility of gold. Otherwise, it is impossible to process it to such a meager thickness. If in the tomb of Yinxu, Anyang Yinxu, Henan Province, there is a ring -shaped gold film. Among them, 6 packets of gold and copper bubbles were found in a funeral pit in Houjiazhuang, Yinxu, which was folded into the back of the copper bubbles with circular gold slices. Make the gold foil firmly wrapped on the instant noodles. The method is very clever. The woods with gold with gold are more utensils. There are 3 heavy -dwelling circular gold decorations in the middle of a Yin tomb car and horse pit public in Anyang Province, Henan Province. The diameter is 12 cm. It may be the umbrella cover Decoration. The gold foil unearthed from the western part of the Yin tomb in Xiaotun, Anyang, and the gold foil is listed north -south. The pole decoration is divided into 8 sections from the top jade decoration. Each section is trimmed on the pole with gold pieces. The rod diameter is about 2 cm. Golden films are 5.5 to 6.5 cm, 1 to 1.1 cm wide, with a total weight of 3.9 grams. In addition, the bridge -shaped gold film found in a tomb in Houjiazhuang, Yinxu, has a nail hole on the film, which may be the foil nailed to the wood. A jade tiger found by the tomb of Yinxu Women in Anyang, with gold foil at the eyes. The gold products in the business dynasty ruling areas are mostly gold foil, gold leaves and gold pieces, which are mainly used for utensil decoration. The gold jewelry in the northern part of the Shang Dynasty is mainly gold jewelry worn by personal. Among the golden wares discovered during this period, the most notable of people is a batch of gold wares of the Sanxingdui site and Jinsha site in Guanghan Guanghan Province, Sichuan Province, not only the number, but also unique in shape, which reflects the diversity and imbalance of the early civilization development in China in the early days of my country's early civilization development. sex. The ancient Shu people were one of the earliest ancient nations in the world to minimize and use gold. They had mastered the processing technology of gold in the Central Plains Yin and Shang Dynasty, and made exquisite golden sticks and golden masks. , Golden Tiger, Golden Leaf, Golden Fish, Golden Essence and other golden animal graphics and decorations. This gold jewelry not only shows the superb gold foil processing and production skills of the ancient Shu people, but also has rich cultural connotation. These gold foil processing technology also represents the earliest level of gold products in the Shang Dynasty. Poly information has high research value for re -understanding my country's early gold smelting level. The golden device of the Sanxingdui site is the richest of the business culture site. First, there are many types, including gold, golden masks, gold foil tiger shapes, gold foil fish shape, gold foil shape, gold foil belt, golden block, etc. The second is large in shape, with golden masks in the pits 1 and 2. There are gold foil masks on the copper head of No. 2 Pit, forming a golden copper head. It can be speculated that the gold foil mask was originally pasted on the copper avatar. The rich golden device in the No. 2 pit is also an important feature of the late relics of the Sanxingdui site. The golden products of the Sanxingdui site, as well as the golden tigers, gold leaves, goldfish, golden 璋, gold belt made of gold foil or gold, and gold blocks. In the production process of these gold products, it is used to use forging flat exhibitions, tailoring, and flat carving. In the golden products of Sanxingdui, a golden stick of the No. 1 sacrifice pit is a peerless treasure in the golden device. It is 1.42 meters in length and is 2.3 cm in diameter. It uses a beaten gold foil and rolls on a wooden pole, and the net weight is about 500 grams. The wooden pole has long been charcoal, and only the complete gold foil. The gold rod has three groups of people, fish, and bird patterns on the body, indicating that the golden stick is given the kingship of the world, but also given religion. One symbol and symbol. This close to the end is two symmetrical avatars on the front and rear, wearing five -toothed high crown, earlobe triangle earrings, and smiling. The other two patterns are the same, with two birds with a opposite side of the two ends, and the lower two -back fish. Their neck is stacked with a pattern of arrow -like. The significance of the pattern is roughly: under the protection of the God and man, the arrow shot the fish, and the bird returned with the arrow rod with the fish. This is a scepter that can be regarded as a wand with witchcraft principles. It is said that the king of Shu is known for its fishing and hunting, so the later generations respect as God. This golden stick may have something to do with the legend of the fish. The golden mask is another masterpiece of the ancient Shu people using gold products. From the perspective of the manufacturing process, the pure gold is forged into gold foil first, and then made into a profile similar to the bronze avatar. The process of adhesion is finally made into a golden mask integrated with the bronze portrait. Among the many gold wares of Sanxingdui, the golden -faced copper avatar consists of two parts: copper avatar and golden mask. , Tie the upper end of the braid. The size of the golden mask, the shape and the copper avatine facial features are the same, the eyebrows are hollowed out, and the paint tone is used as the lime as the adhesive to paste the mask on the avatar. The dignity of the avatar is noble and extraordinary. This golden and dazzling eyes are the "golden messengers" of the king's style. In from the case of the golden mask on the bronze head of Sanxingdui, as early as the Shang Dynasty, the Shu people knew that gold was respectful, so they packed the golden mask on the copper avatar. Instead, it is to get the gods of the gods so that the gods represented by the copper status are more spiritual. At the same time, it can be seen from the gold foil mask that a considerable part of the face of the statue of the bronze figures of Samsung Doues is high nose and deep, and the image of a beard for one week in the mandible. Different features. In terms of artistic style, the facial expression of the statue of the bronze figures of Sanxingdui is almost solemn and solemn, and the eyes are wide open, especially the prominent position of the eyes on the face. Consistent. It, Sanxingdui's golden noodle avatar, like 48.5 cm high, the avatar is the dome, the mask is closely binding to the face, the eight -character eyebrows, the eight -character eye, the garlic nose, wide mouth, closed lips, wide prescriptions Yi. Rectangular ear Guo, decorated with cloud lightning patterns, earlobe wearing a hole. The golden foil tiger decoration at the Sanxingdui site No. 1 sacrifice pit, 6.7 cm high, 11.6 cm wide, and expands it with gold foil hammer. Giant, head, large mouth, eye hollow, big ears, slender, tiger's pattern, forefoot extension, squatting on the rear foot, curly on the tail, roaring. The gold foil fish shape of the Sanxingdui site No. 2 sacrifice pit is 22.68 cm long, 1.85 cm wide, looks like catfish, and it looks like a thin leaf. There is a small empty end at the head and a small gap on both sides. The ancient civilization sites in the western part of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, including 30 pieces of gold in more than 1,000 relics. Mainly gold foil and gold pieces, including gold rods, gold masks, gold masks, golden belts, sun god bird gold ornaments, boxes, speakers, quadriors, round ornaments, frog shapes, tiger shapes, tiger shapes Towns, fish -shaped ornaments, etc. This wares use a variety of techniques such as hammer, shearing, portrayal, molding, hollow, and polishing. The thickness is generally 0.02 cm to 0.03 cm, the thickest is about 0.04 cm, and the gold content is 83.3%. To 94.2%, some of them have reached a higher level, and many gold wares are representative of gold technology technology from the late Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty. The discovery shows that the gold wares of the Sands site have strong regional characteristics, and the ancestors of Sands have unique "gold worship". The first is a large number and rich in shape, up to dozens of types; second, these gold wares are basically attachments on the utensils; again, gold wares of characters such as gold masks and other characters are quite rare in my country; in the end, the shape and patterns of the gold wares have the shape and patterns of the gold wares. Strong symbolic significance contains rich ancient historical information. Among them, the pattern on the golden crown reflects the worship of the ancestors and birds in the ancient Shu people, while the sun god bird gold ornaments reflect the worship of the ancient Shu people. The golden crown belt is round, large and small in diameter, 19.6 to 19.9 cm, 2.68 to 2.8 cm wide, and 0.02 cm thick. The surface pattern of the golden crown belt is composed of 4 groups of the same pattern. Each group of patterns include one fish, one arrow, one bird, and a circle. The decoration on this crown belt is basically the same as the decorations on the golden stick of Samsung Dougo, all of which are composed of birds, fish, arrows, and heads as the main composition elements. The golden crown bands and the golden stick may be the reflection and representative of the supreme king and ethnic rights of the ancient nations at that time. It marks the same or continuity of the rulers of the Sands and Sanxingdui sites in the ethnicity. The surface decoration of the golden crown belt is mainly done with carved skills, and the portrait technology is used in the local decoration. In the pattern, the fish body is short, the big head is round eyes, the mouth is slightly hooked, the mouth is beard, the fish body portraits scales, there are long dorsal fins, there are two short abdominal fins under the body, the fishtail "y" shaped as a "y" shape , Two tails rolled forward. The arrows are inserted in the fish head, the arrow rods are thicker, the tail feathers, and the beard of the fish is used. The birds are located behind the arrow pole. The bird's head and the fish head are in the direction of the arrow feathers. It also uses portrayal technology. The circle pattern is located between each group of patterns, about 2 cm diameter. The outer contour is composed of two rotary lines. There are two symmetrical small circles in the middle. There is a rectangular box on the upper and lower decorations to form a pattern. The content of the entire pattern is the person who uses an arrow to shoot the fish. The arrow passes through the side of the bird. The arrow is inserted deep into the fish head, so this golden crown belt is called the "ejaculation gold belt". And this special sunbird gold decoration is a clear pattern of "sun" and "bird" in gold ornaments. With the discovery of a large number of jade or gold wares that showed the kingship, it is enough to prove that this gold jewelry is likely to be a treasure that was held by the Grand Sacrifice Ceremony of the ancient Shu King. The sun god bird gold jewelry is generally round and the body is extremely thin. The outer diameter is 12.5 cm, the inner diameter is 5.29 cm, the thickness is 0.02 cm, and the weight is 20 grams. The whole device is round and the body is extremely thin. The pattern is expressed in hollowing, divided into two layers in the inside and outside, the inner layer is a circular circle, and the surroundings are distributed with 12 rotating tooth -shaped light; The bird composition of the hour clockwise fly. 4 Birds are thinner and long, short wings, slightly hooking beak, drooping short tails, and three toes with claws. The birds are connected before and after, flying in the same direction in the same direction, which is opposite to the direction of rotation in the inner swirling. The entire pattern of the sun god bird gold jewelry looks like a paper -cutting work. The lines are concise and smooth, and the rhythmic rhythm. Whether it is the 4 flying birds on the outer layer, or the inner rotating sun, it is full of strong dynamics. Symbolic meaning and great imagination. Especially against the red background, the vortex inside is like a rotating fireball, and the surrounding bird pattern is clearly red firebird. The godbird flying in the outer layer and the inner layer rotating the sun showed the worship and chanting of the ancient Shu people to the sun god bird and the sun god. The sun god bird gold jewelry vividly reproduces the myth and legendary story of the ancient human "Golden Blacks". Four god birds fly around the rotating sun, reconnect, reciprocate, endless. Some studies believe that its outer 4 birds also represent the four reincarnations of spring, summer, autumn and winter. This is the reason for the ancient Shu people to worship the sun. Perhaps the ancient Shu people had already mastered the concepts of the age, time, and monthly. It, from the perspective of the image of the sun god bird gold foil itself, the 12 vortex -shaped light in the inner layer is not only like a flame, but also like a ivory, but also like a round of bending moon, which is very beautiful. The ancient Shu people summarized the natural phenomena and laws that they could understand and grasped into scientific knowledge, such as the knowledge of astronomical calendar; and the natural phenomenon that did not understand the mysterious religious worship and mythology. On the one hand, sacrifice prayer and pray for the blessing of the gods and gods; on the other hand, when conforming to heaven, summarize the laws of nature, and use natural laws to scientifically arrange production and life. At the same time, the ancient Shu people first used calendar to serve agricultural production. The ancients used the method of viewing the time to foretell the agricultural process. That is to observe natural phenomena to judge the agricultural season. Therefore, birds can also represent four seasons. The advanced nature of the calendar is based on the infinite approach of the infinite approach between years and the return of the sun. To accurately measure the return of the return year, the simplest and accurate method is to measure the length of the shadow. Therefore, the ancient Shu people who worshiped the sun and birds were inseparable from the sun and birds in the process of summing the calendar. With the advancement of society and the accumulation of knowledge, the calendar has been gradually improved after the efforts of a generation of wizards and ancient Shu people. Therefore, religious worship, especially the worship of the sun and birds, and calendar methods have played a vital role in the production and life of the ancient Shu people. The worship of the sun and birds and the calendar are also an important factor in ancient Shu culture. The development of the ancient Shu people's use of calendar, in addition to the ancient Shu people continuously summarized the laws of nature and continued to improve, it also learned the knowledge of calendar in the Central Plains and other regions. Documents and archeological materials have proved that the exchanges between the ancient Shu people and other regions, especially in the original region, have been existing since ancient times, and have never interrupted. The composition of the sun god bird gold decoration is condensed. It is the perfect combination of the rich philosophical thoughts and religious ideas of the ancient Shu people. The perfect combination of extraordinary artistic creativity and imagination and superb craft Essence The Jinsha site also found the central hole round gold jewelry, perforated in the center of the center, and the table was slightly curved. The inner wall of the device has fine grinding marks. 1.1 cm diameter. There is also a round gold jewelry on the edge hole, and the perforation is on the edge of the utensil, and the body is flat. and this ring -shaped gold ornament, plain surface, 15.9 cm in length, 1.04 cm wide, ranging from the width of the ring, the body is mostly copper rust, and there are traces of inner rolls on the edges of the inside and outside of the ring. The Jinsha site has a gold box, oval, no cover, slightly outer arc, 3.13 cm high, 2.97 cm wide, 9.43 cm long. There are many wiping marks on the outside. The ware watches have been polished. The golden mask was also found, 3.74 cm high, 4.92 cm wide. Round face, ears outside, clear ears line, holes on the earlobe, but not connected. The eyebrow -shaped eyes are hollowed out, the bridge of the nose is straight, the nose is connected to the cheekbones, and the big mouth is slightly open and hollowed out. The instrument table is polished, and the inner wall is rough. The frog -shaped and fish -shaped gold jewelry in the Jinsha site is also very distinctive. Among them, the frog -shaped gold jewelry, 6.96 cm long. The device is shelter, the head is sharp, and a pair of round eyes are tied. "A" shaped, with a ridge line in the middle of the back. The symmetrical string pattern on both sides of the spine is extended from the back to the limbs, and the strings are beaded in a row. In addition, several other gold jewelry also has its own characteristics. Such as a horn gold device, a caliber of 9.8 cm. The instrument is short, Xiaoping tops, and there is an irregular perforation on the top. The surface of the instrument is uneven, the inner and outer walls are polished, leaving scratches with scratches. There is also a "several" glyph gold ware. The device is "several" shape, 49 cm long, irregular outer edge, and traces of inside. Copper rust, polishing. -shaped gold ornament, plain. The residual length is 14.7 cm and 1.6 cm wide. Triangular gold ware, 25 cm long. The device is rounded, and one end of the device has a rectangular handle. The outer edge of the device is rolled, and there is a crack in the middle of the body. In addition, in the Shang Dynasty funeral tomb is located close to the dead body, mostly gold foil decorated on the coat.
The prosperity and development of bronze crafts during the Shang Dynasty laid a strong material and technical foundation for the development of gold wares. At the same time, the development of bronze, jade carving, lacquerware and other processes also promoted the development of gold instrument technology and enabled the gold wares to be able to be there in the gold wares. In a wider field, it plays its aesthetic function in a variety of forms.
The golden device of the business is mostly decorative, and the most common gold foil is mostly used for
decorations on other utensils, or in other words, to enhance the beauty of the utensils in the form of combining with other utensils.
The main site of the Shang Dynasty is Yin Ruins. The gold foil found here is very thin. From the perspective of thickness, the hammer craftsmanship at that time was quite superb, which also shows that the businessman of the businessmen has a deep understanding of the ductility of gold. Otherwise, it is impossible to process it to such a meager thickness.
If in the tomb of Yinxu, Anyang Yinxu, Henan Province, there is a ring -shaped gold film. Among them, 6 packets of gold and copper bubbles were found in a funeral pit in Houjiazhuang, Yinxu, which was folded into the back of the copper bubbles with circular gold slices. Make the gold foil firmly wrapped on the instant noodles. The method is very clever.
The woods with gold with gold are more utensils. There are 3 heavy -dwelling circular gold decorations in the middle of a Yin tomb car and horse pit public in Anyang Province, Henan Province. The diameter is 12 cm. It may be the umbrella cover Decoration.
The gold foil unearthed from the western part of the Yin tomb in Xiaotun, Anyang, and the gold foil is listed north -south. The pole decoration is divided into 8 sections from the top jade decoration. Each section is trimmed on the pole with gold pieces. The rod diameter is about 2 cm. Golden films are 5.5 to
6.5 cm, 1 to 1.1 cm wide, with a total weight of 3.9 grams.
In addition, the bridge -shaped gold film found in a tomb in Houjiazhuang, Yinxu, has a nail hole on the film, which may be the foil nailed to the wood. A jade tiger found by the tomb of Yinxu Women in Anyang, with gold foil at the eyes.
The gold products in the business dynasty ruling areas are mostly gold foil, gold leaves and gold pieces, which are mainly used for utensil decoration. The gold jewelry in the northern part of the Shang Dynasty is mainly gold jewelry worn by personal. Among the golden wares discovered during this period, the most notable of people is a batch of gold wares of the Sanxingdui site and Jinsha site in Guanghan Guanghan Province, Sichuan Province, not only the number, but also unique in shape, which reflects the diversity and imbalance of the early civilization development in China in the early days of my country's early civilization development. sex.
The ancient Shu people were one of the earliest ancient nations in the world to minimize and use gold. They had mastered the processing technology of gold in the Central Plains Yin and Shang Dynasty, and made exquisite golden sticks and golden masks. , Golden Tiger, Golden Leaf, Golden Fish, Golden Essence and other golden animal graphics and decorations.
This gold jewelry not only shows the superb gold foil processing and production skills of the ancient Shu people, but also has rich cultural connotation. These gold foil processing technology also represents the earliest level of gold products in the Shang Dynasty. Poly information has high research value for re -understanding my country's early gold smelting level. The golden device of the Sanxingdui site is the richest of the business culture site. First, there are many types, including gold, golden masks, gold foil tiger shapes, gold foil fish shape, gold foil shape, gold foil belt, golden block, etc.
The second is large in shape, with golden masks in the pits 1 and 2. There are gold foil masks on the copper head of No. 2 Pit, forming a golden copper head. It can be speculated that the gold foil mask was originally pasted on the copper avatar. The rich golden device in the No. 2 pit is also an important feature of the late relics of the Sanxingdui site.
The golden products of the Sanxingdui site, as well as the golden tigers, gold leaves, goldfish, golden 璋, gold belt made of gold foil or gold, and gold blocks. In the production process of these gold products, it is used to use forging flat exhibitions, tailoring, and flat carving.
In the golden products of Sanxingdui, a golden stick of the No. 1 sacrifice pit is a peerless treasure in the golden device. It is 1.42 meters in length and is 2.3 cm in diameter. It uses a beaten gold foil and rolls on a wooden pole, and the net weight is about 500 grams. The wooden pole has long been charcoal, and only the complete gold foil.
The gold rod has three groups of people, fish, and bird patterns on the body, indicating that the golden stick is given the kingship of the world, but also given religion. One symbol and symbol.
This close to the end is two symmetrical avatars on the front and rear, wearing five -toothed high crown, earlobe triangle earrings, and smiling. The other two patterns are the same, with two birds with a opposite side of the two ends, and the lower two -back fish. Their neck is stacked with a pattern of arrow -like. The significance of the pattern is roughly: under the protection of the God and man, the arrow shot the fish, and the bird returned with the arrow rod with the fish.
This is a scepter that can be regarded as a wand with witchcraft principles. It is said that the king of Shu is known for its fishing and hunting, so the later generations respect as God. This golden stick may have something to do with the legend of the fish.
The golden mask is another masterpiece of the ancient Shu people using gold products. From the perspective of the manufacturing process, the pure gold is forged into gold foil first, and then made into a profile similar to the bronze avatar. The process of adhesion is finally made into a golden mask integrated with the bronze portrait.
Among the many gold wares of Sanxingdui, the golden -faced copper avatar consists of two parts: copper avatar and golden mask. , Tie the upper end of the braid.
The size of the golden mask, the shape and the copper avatine facial features are the same, the eyebrows are hollowed out, and the paint tone is used as the lime as the adhesive to paste the mask on the avatar. The dignity of the avatar is noble and extraordinary. This golden and dazzling eyes are the "golden messengers" of the king's style.
In from the case of the golden mask on the bronze head of Sanxingdui, as early as the Shang Dynasty, the Shu people knew that gold was respectful, so they packed the golden mask on the copper avatar. Instead, it is to get the gods of the gods so that the gods represented by the copper status are more spiritual.
At the same time, it can be seen from the gold foil mask that a considerable part of the face of the statue of the bronze figures of Samsung Doues is high nose and deep, and the image of a beard for one week in the mandible. Different features.
In terms of artistic style, the facial expression of the statue of the bronze figures of Sanxingdui is almost solemn and solemn, and the eyes are wide open, especially the prominent position of the eyes on the face. Consistent.
It, Sanxingdui's golden noodle avatar, like 48.5 cm high, the avatar is the dome, the mask is closely binding to the face, the eight -character eyebrows, the eight -character eye, the garlic nose, wide mouth, closed lips, wide prescriptions Yi. Rectangular ear Guo, decorated with cloud lightning patterns, earlobe wearing a hole.
The golden foil tiger decoration at the Sanxingdui site No. 1 sacrifice pit, 6.7 cm high, 11.6 cm wide, and expands it with gold foil hammer. Giant, head, large mouth, eye hollow, big ears, slender, tiger's pattern, forefoot extension, squatting on the rear foot, curly on the tail, roaring.
The gold foil fish shape of the Sanxingdui site No. 2 sacrifice pit is 22.68 cm long, 1.85 cm wide, looks like catfish, and it looks like a thin leaf. There is a small empty end at the head and a small gap on both sides.
The ancient civilization sites in the western part of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, including 30 pieces of gold in more than 1,000 relics. Mainly gold foil and gold pieces, including gold rods, gold masks, gold masks, golden belts, sun god bird gold ornaments, boxes, speakers, quadriors, round ornaments, frog shapes, tiger shapes, tiger shapes Towns, fish -shaped ornaments, etc.
This wares use a variety of techniques such as hammer, shearing, portrayal, molding, hollow, and polishing. The thickness is generally 0.02 cm to 0.03 cm, the thickest is about 0.04 cm, and the gold content is 83.3%. To 94.2%, some of them have reached a higher level, and many gold wares are representative of gold technology technology from the late Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty.
The discovery shows that the gold wares of the Sands site have strong regional characteristics, and the ancestors of Sands have unique "gold worship". The first is a large number and rich in shape, up to dozens of types; second, these gold wares are basically attachments on the utensils; again, gold wares of characters such as gold masks and other characters are quite rare in my country; in the end, the shape and patterns of the gold wares have the shape and patterns of the gold wares. Strong symbolic significance contains rich ancient historical information.
Among them, the pattern on the golden crown reflects the worship of the ancestors and birds in the ancient Shu people, while the sun god bird gold ornaments reflect the worship of the ancient Shu people. The golden crown belt is round, large and small in diameter, 19.6 to 19.9 cm, 2.68 to 2.8 cm wide, and 0.02 cm thick.
The surface pattern of the golden crown belt is composed of 4 groups of the same pattern. Each group of patterns include one fish, one arrow, one bird, and a circle. The decoration on this crown belt is basically the same as the decorations on the golden stick of Samsung Dougo, all of which are composed of birds, fish, arrows, and heads as the main composition elements.
The golden crown bands and the golden stick may be the reflection and representative of the supreme king and ethnic rights of the ancient nations at that time. It marks the same or continuity of the rulers of the Sands and Sanxingdui sites in the ethnicity.
The surface decoration of the golden crown belt is mainly done with carved skills, and the portrait technology is used in the local decoration. In the pattern, the fish body is short, the big head is round eyes, the mouth is slightly hooked, the mouth is beard, the fish body portraits scales, there are long dorsal fins, there are two short abdominal fins under the body, the fishtail "y" shaped as a "y" shape , Two tails rolled forward. The arrows are inserted in the fish head, the arrow rods are thicker, the tail feathers, and the beard of the fish is used.
The birds are located behind the arrow pole. The bird's head and the fish head are in the direction of the arrow feathers. It also uses portrayal technology.
The circle pattern is located between each group of patterns, about 2 cm diameter. The outer contour is composed of two rotary lines. There are two symmetrical small circles in the middle. There is a rectangular box on the upper and lower decorations to form a pattern.
The content of the entire pattern is the person who uses an arrow to shoot the fish. The arrow passes through the side of the bird. The arrow is inserted deep into the fish head, so this golden crown belt is called the "ejaculation gold belt". And this special sunbird gold decoration is a clear pattern of "sun" and "bird" in gold ornaments. With the discovery of a large number of jade or gold wares that showed the kingship, it is enough to prove that this gold jewelry is likely to be a treasure that was held by the Grand Sacrifice Ceremony of the ancient Shu King.
The sun god bird gold jewelry is generally round and the body is extremely thin. The outer diameter is 12.5 cm, the inner diameter is 5.29 cm, the thickness is 0.02 cm, and the weight is 20 grams. The whole device is round and the body is extremely thin.
The pattern is expressed in hollowing, divided into two layers in the inside and outside, the inner layer is a circular circle, and the surroundings are distributed with 12 rotating tooth -shaped light; The bird composition of the hour clockwise fly.
4 Birds are thinner and long, short wings, slightly hooking beak, drooping short tails, and three toes with claws. The birds are connected before and after, flying in the same direction in the same direction, which is opposite to the direction of rotation in the inner swirling.
The entire pattern of the sun god bird gold jewelry looks like a paper -cutting work. The lines are concise and smooth, and the rhythmic rhythm. Whether it is the 4 flying birds on the outer layer, or the inner rotating sun, it is full of strong dynamics. Symbolic meaning and great imagination.
Especially against the red background, the vortex inside is like a rotating fireball, and the surrounding bird pattern is clearly red firebird. The godbird flying in the outer layer and the inner layer rotating the sun showed the worship and chanting of the ancient Shu people to the sun god bird and the sun god.
The sun god bird gold jewelry vividly reproduces the myth and legendary story of the ancient human "Golden Blacks". Four god birds fly around the rotating sun, reconnect, reciprocate, endless. Some studies believe that its outer 4 birds also represent the four reincarnations of spring, summer, autumn and winter. This is the reason for the ancient Shu people to worship the sun. Perhaps the ancient Shu people had already mastered the concepts of the age, time, and monthly.
It, from the perspective of the image of the sun god bird gold foil itself, the 12 vortex -shaped light in the inner layer is not only like a flame, but also like a ivory, but also like a round of bending moon, which is very beautiful.
The ancient Shu people summarized the natural phenomena and laws that they could understand and grasped into scientific knowledge, such as the knowledge of astronomical calendar; and the natural phenomenon that did not understand the mysterious religious worship and mythology.
On the one hand, sacrifice prayer and pray for the blessing of the gods and gods; on the other hand, when conforming to heaven, summarize the laws of nature, and use natural laws to scientifically arrange production and life. At the same time, the ancient Shu people first used calendar to serve agricultural production.
The ancients used the method of viewing the time to foretell the agricultural process. That is to observe natural phenomena to judge the agricultural season. Therefore, birds can also represent four seasons. The advanced nature of the calendar is based on the infinite approach of the infinite approach between years and the return of the sun. To accurately measure the return of the return year, the simplest and accurate method is to measure the length of the shadow. Therefore, the ancient Shu people who worshiped the sun and birds were inseparable from the sun and birds in the process of summing the calendar.
With the advancement of society and the accumulation of knowledge, the calendar has been gradually improved after the efforts of a generation of wizards and ancient Shu people. Therefore, religious worship, especially the worship of the sun and birds, and calendar methods have played a vital role in the production and life of the ancient Shu people. The worship of the sun and birds and the calendar are also an important factor in ancient Shu culture.
The development of the ancient Shu people's use of calendar, in addition to the ancient Shu people continuously summarized the laws of nature and continued to improve, it also learned the knowledge of calendar in the Central Plains and other regions. Documents and archeological materials have proved that the exchanges between the ancient Shu people and other regions, especially in the original region, have been existing since ancient times, and have never interrupted.
The composition of the sun god bird gold decoration is condensed. It is the perfect combination of the rich philosophical thoughts and religious ideas of the ancient Shu people. The perfect combination of extraordinary artistic creativity and imagination and superb craft Essence
The Jinsha site also found the central hole round gold jewelry, perforated in the center of the center, and the table was slightly curved. The inner wall of the device has fine grinding marks. 1.1 cm diameter. There is also a round gold jewelry on the edge hole, and the perforation is on the edge of the utensil, and the body is flat.
and this ring -shaped gold ornament, plain surface, 15.9 cm in length, 1.04 cm wide, ranging from the width of the ring, the body is mostly copper rust, and there are traces of inner rolls on the edges of the inside and outside of the ring.
The Jinsha site has a gold box, oval, no cover, slightly outer arc, 3.13 cm high, 2.97 cm wide, 9.43 cm long. There are many wiping marks on the outside. The ware watches have been polished.
The golden mask was also found, 3.74 cm high, 4.92 cm wide. Round face, ears outside, clear ears line, holes on the earlobe, but not connected. The eyebrow -shaped eyes are hollowed out, the bridge of the nose is straight, the nose is connected to the cheekbones, and the big mouth is slightly open and hollowed out. The instrument table is polished, and the inner wall is rough.
The frog -shaped and fish -shaped gold jewelry in the Jinsha site is also very distinctive. Among them, the frog -shaped gold jewelry, 6.96 cm long. The device is shelter, the head is sharp, and a pair of round eyes are tied. "A" shaped, with a ridge line in the middle of the back. The symmetrical string pattern on both sides of the spine is extended from the back to the limbs, and the strings are beaded in a row.
In addition, several other gold jewelry also has its own characteristics. Such as a horn gold device, a caliber of 9.8 cm. The instrument is short, Xiaoping tops, and there is an irregular perforation on the top. The surface of the instrument is uneven, the inner and outer walls are polished, leaving scratches with scratches. There is also a "several" glyph gold ware. The device is "several" shape, 49 cm long, irregular outer edge, and traces of inside. Copper rust, polishing.
-shaped gold ornament, plain. The residual length is 14.7 cm and 1.6 cm wide. Triangular gold ware, 25 cm long. The device is rounded, and one end of the device has a rectangular handle. The outer edge of the device is rolled, and there is a crack in the middle of the body. In addition, in the Shang Dynasty funeral tomb is located close to the dead body, mostly gold foil decorated on the coat.